Topping out: May 2012 Completion: December 2012 Opening Spring 2013 Cost $3.1 billion (October 2008 estimate) $3.8 billion (January 2012 estimate)[2] Height Antenna spire 1,776 ft (541.32 m)[3][4] Roof 1,368 ft (417 m) Top floor 1,314 ft (401 m)[3] Technical details Floor count 104[3][5] Floor area 2,600,000 sq ft (241,548 m2)[3] Design and construction Main contractor Tishman Construction Architect David Childs (Skidmore, Owings & Merrill)[6] Developer Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Structural engineer WSP Cantor Seinuk References [7] Planned rebuilding of the World Trade Center Towers One World Trade Center (Tower 1) Two World Trade Center (Tower 2) Three World Trade Center (Tower 3) Four World Trade Center (Tower 4) Five World Trade Center (Tower 5) Seven World Trade Center (Tower 7) Memorial and museum National September 11 Memorial & Museum Transit Transportation Hub One World Trade ! Center, more simply known as 1 WTC and previously known as the Freedom Tower, is the lead building of the new World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City . The 104-story supertall skyscraper is being constructed in the northwest corner of the 16-acre World Trade Center site, occupying the location where the original 8-story 6 World Trade Center once stood. The building is bound to the west by West Street, to the north by Vesey Street, to the south by Fulton Street, and to the east by Washington Street. Construction on below-ground utility relocations, footings, and foundations for the building began on April 27, 2006.[8] On March 30, 2009, the Port Authority confirmed that the building would be known by its legal name of One World Trade Center, rather than the colloquial name, Freedom Tower. At the time of its completion in 2013, One World Trade Center will be the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere and the third-tallest buildin! g in the world by pinnacle height, with its spire reaching a s! ymbolic 1,776 feet (541.3 m) in reference to the year of American independence.[9][10] However, its roof height, at 1,368 feet (417.0 m), will still be 82 feet (25.0 m) shorter than the roof of Chicago's 108-story Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower). The new World Trade Center complex will also feature three other high-rise office buildings, located along Greenwich Street, and the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, located just south of One World Trade Center, where the Twin Towers once stood. The construction is part of an effort to memorialize and rebuild after the original World Trade Center complex was destroyed during the attacks of September 11, 2001. Contents 1 History 1.1 Construction history 1.2 Estimated cost and funding 2 Architecture and design 2.1 Layout 2.2 Sustainability 2.3 Safety and security 2.4 Height 3 Owners and tenants 3.1 Government tenants 3.2 China Center 3.3 Condé Nast 3.4 Proposed tenants 4 Key figures 4.1 Larry Silverste! in 4.2 David Childs 4.3 Daniel Libeskind 4.4 Dan Tishman 4.5 Douglas and Jody Durst 4.6 Port Authority construction workers 5 See also 6 References 7 External links History Following the destruction of the original World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, there was much debate regarding the future of the World Trade Center site. Proposals began almost immediately, and by 2003, the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation organized a competition to determine how to use the site. Public rejection of the first round of designs, the "Preliminary Design Concepts," led to a second, more open competition in December 2002, in which a design by Daniel Libeskind was selected. This went through many revisions,[11] largely because of disagreements with developer Larry Silverstein, who held the lease to the World Trade Center site on September 11, 2001. Criticism was leveled at the limited number of floors in an early plan that were designated for office space and other amenities. Only ! 82 floors would have been habitable, and the overall office space of th! e entire rebuilt World Trade Center would have been reduced by more than 3,000,000 square feet (280,000 m2) in comparison with the original complex. The floor limit was imposed by Silverstein, who expressed concern that higher floors would be a liability in the event of a future terrorist attack or other incident. Much of the building's height would have consisted of a large, open-air steel lattice structure above the roof of the tower, containing wind turbines and "sky gardens." In a subsequent design, the highest space that could be occupied became comparable to the original World Trade Center, and the steel structure was removed.[4] In 2005, during the tower's planning stages, former New York Governor George Pataki faced accusations of cronyism for supposedly using his influence to get the winning architect's bid picked as a personal favor for his friend and campaign contributor, Ron Lauder.[12] A final design for the "Freedom Tower" was formally unveiled on June 28, 200! 5. To satisfy security issues raised by the New York City Police Department, a 187-foot (57 m) concrete base was added in April of that year. The design originally included plans to clad the base in glass prisms to address criticism that it looked uninviting and resembled a "concrete bunker." However, this later proved unworkable, as preliminary testing revealed that the prismatic glass easily shattered into large and dangerous shards. As a result, it was replaced by a simpler facade consisting of stainless steel panels and blast-resistant glass.[13] Contrasting with Libeskind's plan, the final design tapers octagonally as it rises. Its designers stated that the tower would be a "monolithic glass structure reflecting the sky and topped by a sculpted antenna." Larry Silverstein commented in 2006 on a planned completion date: "By 2012 we should have a completely rebuilt World Trade Center, more magnificent, more spectacular than it ever was."[14] On April 26, 2006, the P! ort Authority of New York and New Jersey approved a conceptual framewor! k that enabled foundation construction to begin, and a formal agreement was drafted on the following day, the 75th anniversary of the 1931 opening of the Empire State Building. The tower's construction began in May with a formal ceremony that took place when the first construction team arrived.[15] The building's topping out has been projected for spring 2012, and it is expected to be ready for occupancy in 2013.[13] In 2009, the Port Authority changed the official title of the building from "Freedom Tower" to "One World Trade Center," stating that this name was the "easiest for people to identify with."[16][17] In May 2011, detailed floor plans of the tower were displayed on New York City's Department of Finance website, resulting in an uproar from the media and citizens of the surrounding area, who warned that the plans could potentially be used for a future terrorist attack.[18] In April 2012, with the tower nearing completion, the owners of 1 WTC began a public marketin! g campaign for the building, seeking to draw in visitors and additional tenants.[19] Construction history Main article: Construction of One World Trade Center The symbolic cornerstone of One World Trade Center was laid in a ceremony on July 4, 2004,[20] but further construction work was stalled until 2006 due to acrimonious disputes over money, security and design. The last major issues were resolved on April 26, 2006, when a deal was struck between developer Larry Silverstein and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. For two months during the summer of 2006, explosives were detonated at the World Trade Center construction site, testing the use of charges to clear bedrock for the building's foundations. On November 18, 2006, 400 cubic yards (310 cubic metres) of concrete were poured onto the foundations, carried by as many as 40 trucks. On December 17, 2006, a ceremony was held in Battery Park City, with members of the public invited to sign a 30-foot (9.1! 0;m) steel beam.[21] This beam, the first to be installed, was welded o! nto the building's base on December 19, 2006.[22] Afterwards, construction of the foundation and further steel installation commenced, and by the end of 2007, the tower's footings and foundations were nearly complete.[23] One World Trade Center under construction on April 13, 2012. In January 2008, two construction cranes were moved onto the construction site. The tower's concrete core began rising in the first months of 2008,[23] and had reached street level by May 17. Construction of the base continued through 2009 and was completed by early 2010. Afterwards, the construction of the office floors began, as did the installation of the first glass windows. In May 2010, the Port Authority stated that they were building nearly one floor of the tower per week, and it was projected that 1 WTC would reach 55 stories by the end of 2010.[24] An advanced "cocoon" scaffolding system was installed to protect workers from falling, marking the first time that such a safety system had! been installed on a steel structure in the city.[25] On December 16, 2010, the Port Authority announced that the tower's construction had reached the 52nd floor, rising to over 600 feet (180 m) and marking the halfway point for the tower's steel frame.[26][27] By September 11, 2011, ten years after the destruction of the original World Trade Center, the tower's steel had reached the 82nd floor, while its concrete flooring had reached the 72nd floor, and glass cladding had reached the 56th floor.[28] While under construction, the tower was specially illuminated on several occasions.[5] On the weekend of July 4, 2011, it was lit up in the colors of the American flag to commemorate Independence Day, and it was lit up in the same colors on September 10 to mark the 10th
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One World Trade Center, more simply known as 1 WTC and previously known as the Freedom Tower, is the lead building of th! e new World Trade Center complex in Read the rest
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World trade center website for information on lower Manhattan and leasing at the world trade center. Read the rest
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One World Trade Center NYC site has the latest articles, news stories, commentaries, videos, events and activities happening at ground zero. Read the rest
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A New Icon for New York City. One World Trade Center redefines the New York skyline, reasserting downtown Manhattan's preeminence as a business center while Read the rest
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Hard Hats and Acrobats at 1 World Trade. On the job with Iron Workers at 1 World Trade Center. Watch the Video. Read the rest
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One World Trade Center Staking Its ! Claim On Lower Manhattan Skyline April 6, 2011 11:29 AM Read the rest
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When the 1,776-foot-tall (541-meter-tall) One World Trade Center tower is completed in 2013, this will be the view from its observation floor. Created by combining Read the rest
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There is no denying that One World Trade Center (WTC), the 104-story tower now rising at the northern end of the Ground Zero site, is a tremendously ambitious Read the rest
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Incredible new photographs of the building work at Ground Zero show how New York's skyline is being dramatically reborn. One World Trade Center now stands at 78 Read the rest